Ngo-2008, imarike yezindlu yase-US yayisele ixhaphaza njengoko iRest Recession ibambe. Ukuzama ukunqanda ukopha, iCongress iphumelele uthotho Amakhredithi erhafu yabathengi basekhaya okokuqala, ngamnye unesisa kunesokugqibela. Kuqala kweza isaphulelo serhafu sama-7, 500, ukuhlawulwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15 kungekho nzala. Ekuqaleni kuka-2009, yayisele ikhule yaya kuthi ga kwi-8,000 yeedola, kwaye ayifuni kubuyiselwa nantoni na. Kwaye uninzi lwango-2010, kwanabanye abathengi abaphindayo basekhaya banelungelo lokufumana ityala lerhafu elimalunga ne- $ 6,500.
Ngelixa ezo ntengo zerhafu yomthengi othengiweyo sele ziphelelwe lixesha njengoko uqoqosho kunye neemarike zezindlu zishushubezile, uMalume Sam usenomdla wokukunceda ungene kwikhaya lakho lokuqala. Nazi ezinye iindlela zokuphumla zerhafu abathengi basekhaya banokuzisebenzisa.
Ukuncitshiswa kwenzala yobambiso
Masiqale ngelona rhafu likhulu lifumanekayo kubaninimzi abathengisa amakhaya: Unokutsala inzala yemali mboleko oyibhatalayo kunyaka owunikiweyo- kwaye kuyenzeka nje ukuba uhlawule owona mdla kwiminyaka yakho yokuqala yobunini bekhaya.
Iibhanki zifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana uninzi lomdla wabo, ke ngaphambili babambisa imali mboleko ukuze inzala eninzi ihlawulwe ekuqaleni, utshilo uMarie Presti, umnini kunye nomrhwebi kwiQela lePresti eNewton, eMass. Oko kuthetha ukuba kuthatha ixesha ukwakha ukulingana okuxabisekileyo ekhayeni lakho, kodwa kuyanceda ukuthoba ityala lakho lerhafu kwiminyaka yokuqala yobambiso lwakho.
Masithi uthatha i-300,000 yeedola, engama-30 yeminyaka mboleko kwi-4.25% yenzala. Kunyaka wakho wokuqala, iintlawulo zakho zobambiso zibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye uya kuba ne- $ 12,650 yayo ukutsala. Ke ukuba ufumana malunga ne-75, 000 yeedola iwela kwi-25% yeerhafu - oko kuthetha ukuba uchebile malunga ne- $ 3,160 kwityala lakho lerhafu.
Intsingiselo ye1010
Yohlobo lwe. I-IRS ibonelela ngokuncitshiswa okuqhelekileyo kubantu abangafaki zii-itemize: Ngo-2017, ingama-6, 350 eedola kubarhafi abangatshatanga, okanye i-12,700 yeedola kwizibini ezitshatileyo ezifayilanayo ngokudibeneyo. Ke kuya kufuneka unciphise ngaphezulu kunoko ukuze wenze into enomdla ibaluleke; ukuba abarhafi kumzekelo ongentla batshatile, kuhle kakhulu ukuhlamba. (Esi sesinye sezizathu zoku $ 77 yezigidi zeerandi kurhulumente izibonelelo ikakhulu phakathi- ukuya kumaMelika anengeniso ephezulu , kwaye kutheni kukho intetho ukuyitshintsha okanye ukuyikrwela .)
Nangona kunjalo, oku kunezibonelelo ezithile zerhafu ngokunjalo. Ngaphandle kokuba uziqeshile okanye unenye imeko ekhohlisayo yerhafu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uhlala uthatha unciphiso oluqhelekileyo xa ufaka irhafu. Ngoku ukuba unekhaya, kwaye ungabhala amawaka eedola kwinzala yemali mboleko nyaka ngamnye, kunokuba sengqiqweni ngakumbi ukuveza ukuncitshiswa kwakho ukuya phambili. Kwaye oko kuvula ezinye izinto ezincitshisiweyo onokungazikhathazi ngazo ngaphambili, njengaleyo yenzala yemali mboleko yomfundi, iindleko zokhathalelo lwabantwana, okanye izinto ozinikela kuGoodwill okanye iSalvation Army.
Isatifikethi seMali mboleko
Ikhefu elaziwa kancinci lirhafu yinto enkulu- ukuba ungafaneleka. Izatifikethi zeMortgage Credit (MCCs) zikhutshwa kwinqanaba likarhulumente okanye lendawo, ke imigaqo inokwahluka kakhulu kwaye ayifumaneki kuzo zonke iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ityala lerhafu ngokubanzi lixabiseke ngaphezu kokutsalwa-endaweni yokunciphisa nje ingeniso yakho ehlawulelwa irhafu, ikhredithi yeyona nto iyancitshiswayo yedola-ngedola kwityala lakho lerhafu-kufanelekile ukujonga ukuba ilizwe lakho, isixeko, okanye i-county ibonelela ngee-MCCs.
12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12
Ngelixa izinto ezichaziweyo ziyahluka ngokwasekhaya nangakwisixeko ukuya esixekweni, i-MCC ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ikhredithi yerhafu kwipesenti ethile yenzala yemali mboleko oyihlawuleleyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,000 yeedola ngonyaka (amaxabiso ukusuka kwi-20% ukuya kwi-50% ).
Olu lityhefu elibaluleke ngokukodwa kubathengi bemivuzo ephantsi kunye nabaphakathi, okanye abo amakhaya abo engabizi ngokwaneleyo ukwenza ukuba inzala yemali mboleko ibaluleke. E-Texas, umzekelo, i-MCC ikuvumela ukuba ubange i-40% wenzala yakho yobambiso njengetyala lerhafu unyaka nonyaka, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,000 yeedola. Ukuba uthathe i-150,000 yeebambiso zobambiso, ubuya kuba netyala malunga ne-6,750 yeedola ngenzala kunyaka wakho wokuqala-awonelanga ukugqithisa ukuncitshiswa okuqhelekileyo kwaye uzihluphe ngokufaka izinto, ukuba utshatile. Kodwa nge-MCC, ungaphinda ubuyise ama-40% aloo nzala ihlawulwe kwityala lerhafu ledola, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,000 yeedola. (Yintoni egqithisile, usenokutsala inzala ehlawulwe ngaphaya komda oyi- $ 2,000. )
Ukuze ufaneleke, kufuneka ube ngumntu wokuqala ukuthenga indlu kwaye usebenzise indlu njengendawo yokuhlala yokuhlala de uyithengise; ezinye iimfuno zokufaneleka zibandakanya umda kwingeniso kunye nexabiso lekhaya. Kwi California umzekelo, ngo-2017 imida yengeniso isusela kwi-73,300 yeedola kwimizi yabantu aba-1 ukuya kwabayi-2 kwindawo ezilishumi elinambini ukuya kwi-154,057 yeedola yosapho lwabathathu okanye nangaphezulu kumabhunga aseMarin naseSan Francisco. Kula mabala abiza imali kunye nezinye, ezinjengeLos Angeles neSan Diego, amakhaya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-585,713 yeedola befanelekile, kodwa ukufaneleka kwezinye iindawo kuphume kwi $ 253,809.
Irhafu yepropathi
Umndilili wekhaya laseMelika uhlawule i-3,296 yeedola kwiipropathi zalapha ekhaya ngo-2016, ngokutsho kohlalutyo Izisombululo zeDatha yeAttom , kodwa ityala lakho lingangaphezulu kakhulu kwiindawo ezinamakhaya amaxabiso okanye amaxabiso aphezulu erhafu; umndilili oyilwayo eNew Jersey yayiyi- $ 8,549 .
Ngombulelo, ungazitsala ezo rhafu zengingqi kumvuzo wakho werhafu. Ke ukuba utsala i-4,000 yeedola kwirhafu yepropathi, kwaye umvuzo wakho uphezulu kwi-25% ye-bracket yerhafu, sisaphulelo se- $ 1,000 kwityala lakho lerhafu.
Gcina Ncamathisela Bona eminye imifanekiso (Ityala lemifanekiso: Ellie Arciaga Lillstrom)
Amanqaku
Amanqaku- imali onokuyihlawula umboleki-mali wakho ngaphambili ngenqanaba lenzala yexesha elide- ikakhulu inzala ehlawulwe kwangaphambili, yiyo loo nto Zitsaliwe kanye njengenzala yokubambisa . Inqaku elinye li-1% yempahla yakho yobambiso, ke oku kunokuba lelinye lamawaka eedola ukucheba umvuzo wakho. Unokutsala inani elipheleleyo lamanqaku ahlawulwe kunyaka othenge ngalo ikhaya lakho; Ngaphandle koko, kufuneka usasaze ukuncitshiswa ngaphezulu kobomi bokubambisa.
lithetha ntoni ixesha 11 11
Ukuphuculwa kwamandla
Kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2016, bekukho ezinye iirhafu zerhafu ezihlawulelwayo ezifumanekayo zokwenza uphuculo olusebenzayo kumandla ekhayeni lakho, ukusuka ekongezeni ukufakela ukufakela iinkqubo zokufudumeza ezilinganiswe ngeNkanyezi kunye nezixhobo. Hayi, Zonke ziphelelwe lixesha kwaye, xa unikwe ubunkokheli ngoku (er, ukuba ungayibiza njalo) eWashington, kubonakala ngathi abanakulindela ukubuya nangaliphi na ixesha kungekudala.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamazwe lusabonelela ngerhafu kunye nenkuthazo yezemali ekufakweni kwesikolo esidala okanye ukuphuculwa kwamandla. IMassachusetts, umzekelo, iya kuthatha iipesenti ezingama-75 zethebhu ukongeza ubushushu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2,000 yeedola) kunye nezibonelelo izaphulelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,000 yeedola yokutshintsha i-boilers eneminyaka engama-30 ubudala kunye neefanitshala ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokufudumeza igesi.
Ngeli xesha, inye enkulu kakhulu, enxulumene namandla ombane kwirhafu ihlala: Ikhredithi engama-30% yeenkqubo zamandla elanga. Ukuba uhlawula i-20 000 yeedola kufakelo lwelanga elophahla, uza kufumana isaphulelo serhafu sama-6,000, ngaphezulu kwazo naziphi na izikhuthazi zikarhulumente. Esi siphoso sikhululekileyo, esingenamda uphezulu, sandisiwe ngo-2019, emva koko siqala ukubuyela ezantsi (ukuya kuma-26% ngo-2020, 22% ngo-2021, emva koko zilch). Indawo efana nayo Amandla oMbane.com inokukunceda ukuba uthengise uluhlu lwelanga kunye nokuthelekisa iikowuti ezivela kwabafakeli abakhuphisanayo.
Ukurhoxiswa kwesohlwayo ngaphandle kwezohlwayo
Ayisiyongcamango enkulu yokwenza njalo, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukucofa i-IRA yakho ngemali yokubhatala, uvumelekile ukuba urhoxe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 000 zeedola kube kanye ebomini bakho ukubeka kwikhaya lakho lokuqala ngaphandle kokuhlawula i-10% yesiqhelo yokurhoxa kwangoko isohlwayo (kuya kufuneka uhlawule irhafu yengeniso kuyo).
Kunye neRoth IRA , ungasoloko urhoxisa imirhumo ngaso nasiphi na isizathu, ngaphandle kwetax, kunye nesohlwayo, kwaye unokurhoxisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10, 000 yeenzuzo zotyalo-mali ngaphandle kwesohlwayo sokuthenga okokuqala ekhaya. Kwimeko nganye, abathengi basekhaya abatshatileyo banokurhola ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10,000 yeedola lilinye.
Inombolo yeengelosi ezili-111 ezinentsingiselo
Ingcebiso yeRhafu: Gcina umkhondo woPhuculo lweKhaya
Okokugqibela, ayisiyiyo kwaphela ikhefu lerhafu kodwa ingcebiso kukuthintela isohlwayo esinokubakho phantsi komgca. Umalume uSam ukuvumela ukuba ufumane indlela xa uthengisa indawo yokuhlala oyhlala kuyo ubuncinci kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, kodwa ukuba elo khaya lixabisa ngaphezulu kwe- $ 250,000 (okanye i-500,000 yeedola kwizibini ezitshatileyo), uya kuba netyala lokufumana irhafu inzuzo.
Ithetha ukuthini xa ubona i-111
Leyo yingxaki elungileyo ukuba unayo, kodwa ke: Gcina umkhondo weendleko zakho zokuphucula ikhaya, ukuze ngenye imini, xa uthengisa indlu yakho, ungongeza ezo ndleko kwixabiso elisisiseko lokuthenga xa umisela inzuzo yakho.
Ukuba awutshatanga kwaye uthenge i-condo nge-500,000 yeedola, wayithengisa kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva nge-800,000 yeedola, uya kuba netyala lokufumana irhafu kwi-300,000 yeedola kwinzuzo-ngaphandle kokuba ungangqina ukuba uchithe ngaphezulu kwe- $ 50,000 kuphuculo lwasekhaya. Ke gcina ezo risiti zeDepho yasekhaya kunye namatyala ekontraka.
Imithetho yeRhafu inzima kwaye itshintsha rhoqo; jonga i- IRS.gov okanye uqhagamshelane neengcali zerhafu.
