Ngokusemthethweni zii-'20s kwakhona, kwaye siyiphosa emva kwi-Roaring 1920s iveki yonke . Nokuba uyathanda ukuhonjiswa kweJazz Age, amakhaya anembali, okanye ufunda nje indlela abantu ababehlala ngayo kwiminyaka eyi-100 eyadlulayo, sikufumene. Vuya, chap endala!
Indlu yethu yakhiwa ngo-1920, kwaye kuyahlekisa ukucinga ukuba abantu abayithengayo kwinkulungwane eyadlulayo mhlawumbi bathabathe amanyathelo afanayo nathi sawenza-nokuba bathenga indlu entsha kraca endaweni yokulungisa izinto ezindala ezibethwayo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba basebenzise iarhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba, mhlawumbi babethanda indawo yomlilo kunye nendawo efanelekileyo eQuincy, Mass., Kwaye mhlawumbi bade bathatha nemali mboleko yokuthenga into enkulu kangaka.
Kodwa inkqubo yokuthenga ekhaya yayingeyiyo ikopi yekhabhoni yanamhlanje ngokudubula okude.
intsingiselo ye3: 33
Uninzi lwezikhuselo kunye neenkqubo esizithathela ingqalelo namhlanje azikho kwimakethi yezindlu ye-1920s, utshilo uFrederik Heller, umlawuli weenkonzo zamathala eencwadi Umbutho weSizwe weeRealtors .
Kwakungekho nto injengobambiso lweminyaka engama-30, umzekelo, de kwaba semva kolawulo lweZindlu e-Federal malunga no-1934. nabani na omele bona.
Abathengisi babemelwe ngumrhwebi, kodwa kwakungekho ziarhente zomthengi ngendlela ezikhoyo ngoku, utshilo uHerler. Ngapha koko, ekuqaleni kwee-1920s, ibinokwenzeka ukuba umthengisi wearhente yakho yezindlu, iarhente yeinshurensi, umvavanyi, umbolekisi wemali mboleko, nkqu nomntu owakhe indlu yakho, bonke babe ngumntu omnye.
Konke oku-izinto ezingatshintshanga konke konke, kunye nezinto ngokuqinisekileyo ezinazo-ziyacaca emva kokujonga kwintengiso yearhente yokuthengiswa kwezindlu.
Intengiso yearhente yokuthengiswa kwezindlu ngo-1920s nango-2020
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwelo xesha nangoku kukuba akukho zintengiso zininzi zokuthengiswa kwezindlu kunye nomhlaba-ubuncinci hayi kumaphephandaba. Kunye neewebhusayithi ezinje Zillow kwaye Redfin Ukuvula ukufikelela kwiNkonzo yoLuhlu oluninzi (i-MLS), uninzi lwabantu luya ngqo kuluhlu. Isiqingatha sabathengi abasandula ukufumana amakhaya abo kwi-intanethi, Ngokwengxelo yeNAR , xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezi-1 eziyifumene ishicilelwe.
Kwii-1920s, eyona ndawo iphambili kuluhlu lweepropathi yayilicandelo elihleliweyo lephepha-ndaba lendawo-ihlala ibe yimigca emibini okanye emithathu yesicatshulwa ebonisa izinto eziphambili, akukho zithombe, utshilo uHerer. Uphuhliso olukhulu, njengamacandelo amatsha kunye nezakhiwo zeeflethi, zifana kakhulu nentengiso eseleyo esiyibonayo namhlanje kumaphephandaba okanye kwiimagazini, eneefoto kunye nemifanekiso, wongeze watsho.
Gcina Ncamathisela Bona eminye imifanekiso Ityala: ENew York Times / kwiDomain kaRhulumente
Iiarhente zezorhwebo azinakho ukubhengeza yonke ipropathi, ke eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu yayikukufumana igama labo phaya kwaye bazise abantu eofisini nangayiphi na indlela. Umqondiso wentengiso wentengiso phambi kwekhaya wawubaluleke kakhulu njengokuba kunjalo ngoku. Kodwa akukho litye lishiyekileyo lingaguqulwanga: intengiso yokuqala ehlawulwe kwirediyo Kwakuyi-1922 yesibhengezo se-Hawthorne Court Apartments eQueens, kwaye iofisi enye yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba yasasaza abalawuli abangama-20 000 kwizikolo zasekuhlaleni, becinga ukuba abo bantwana baya kuba bethenga izindlu kungekudala.
Ngelixa umxholo kunye nomlinganiswa wee-1920 uluhlu lwezindlu ezithengiswayo zibonakala ziqhelekile ngeendlela ezithile, kwaye zahluke kakhulu kwezinye. Ngaphambili, khangela ezinye zezinto ezifanayo nezahlukileyo phakathi kweentengiso kwi IBoston Globe kwaye INew York Times oovimba abagcina iincwadi ngoo-1920s.
Umahluko: Umbane kunye namanzi ashushu zaziziindawo ezinkulu zokuthengisa
Ngo-1920, yipesenti enye kuphela yamakhaya aseMelika babenombane kunye nemibhobho yangaphakathi, nangona bobabini babesendleleni eya ekubeni yinto eqhelekileyo. Kwakungekho ngo-1925 isiqingatha samakhaya aseMelika babenentambo zombane, kwaye nangowe-1940, isinye kwisithathu samakhaya aseU.S.sasingenayo indlu yangasese egungxulwayo. Ezi zinto zintsha zale mihla, ezazifunyanwa ikakhulu ezixekweni ekuqaleni, kwakufanele ukuba ziboniswe abathengi.
Ngomhla we-Matshi 1920 kwintengiso ye- IBoston Globe ndibhengeze indlu efanelekileyo e-17 Eustis Street kwindawo endihlala kuyo eQuincy — igcwele ibhafu, izindlu zangasese, isifudumezi-moya, njalo njalo. Ezinye izinto ezintsha zomhla ziye zawa kwifashoni okanye zabuna kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kwii-1920s, kukho iitoni zentengiso zezinto ezinje nge-asbestos 'engacimi mlilo', izinto zokufakelwa kwemibhobho yamanzi, izixhobo zokutshisa inkunkuma-kuzo zombini izindlu kunye namakhaya osapho olunye-i-laminated flooring ('imelana nomphunga!'), 'Ngokuzenzekelayo' amanzi egesi izifudumezi, iigaraji ezishushubezi, iifriji, kunye neebhodi zoku-ayina ezisonga eludongeni, phakathi kwezinye izinto, utsho uHeller. 'Iibhedi zomnyango,' okanye iibhedi zaseMurphy, kubonakala ngathi zithandwa kakhulu, ngokusekwe kwiintengiso kuyo yonke le minyaka ilishumi Ijenali yeSizwe yokuThengisa izindlu , Wongeza.
Ukufana: Indawo, indawo yokubasa umlilo, iivaranda, kunye nomgangatho we-oki zonke zizinto ezinqwenelekayo
Njengoluhlu oluninzi lwexesha, intengiso yaloo ndlu yesitalato i-Eustis yayiqhayisa ukuba ibekwe kwindawo enqwenelekayo kwaye inezinto ezinjengendawo yokukhanya kwelanga, indawo yomlilo kunye nomgangatho wom-oki. Xa ipropathi efanayo yathengiswa ngo-2016, indawo yayo entliziyweni yeWollaston efanelekileyo usafumene intlawulo ephezulu kuluhlu lwayo lwe-MLS . Iveranda evaliweyo, indawo yokubasa umlilo, kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngomthi, konke oku kuchaziwe ngo-1920, zazisengamanqaku amakhulu okuthengisa emva kwenkulungwane. Kwezinye izindlu, izitepsi ezininzi bezingathandwa njengokuba zinjalo ngoku: Amagumbi aseNew York anelifti aqinisekisile ukuba ayakhankanywa.
Kwii-1920s uluhlu oluninzi lwearhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba eziqhayisa malunga nendlela indlu eyayikufutshane ngayo ukusuka esixekweni okanye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe. Isandi esiqhelekileyo? Isibhengezo esinye sango-1925 siqhayisa ngendlu efanelekileyo kwiimoto, oololiwe, kunye neevenkile, kunye nophuhliso olutsha kwiRevere, Mass., (Kwindawo ephezulu, eyomileyo, enempilo) ixilongo elikuyo kuphela imizuzu emibini ukuya kwiimoto zesitalato, imizuzu engamashumi amabini anesibini ukuya IBoston. Iintsapho ezimbini ezazinezitena ezineyadi e-Astoria, eQueens, yayinemizuzu eli-15 kuphela ukuya kwiGrand Central, 5c imali yendlela engaphantsi.
Umahluko: Ezinye iintengiso zearhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba bezinocalucalulo
Ezinye iintengiso endiye ndadibana nazo kwinkulungwane eyadlulayo zenza indawo yokuhlala kwikhaya lokuqala kwindawo yaseMelika okanye kwicandelo laseMelika ledolophu, okanye basebenzise ulwimi olufanayo ukugxininisa isikhundla sabo selungelo phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi kwaye ulwahlulo ngokusemthethweni .
Ucalucalulo kuluhlu ngumahluko omkhulu phakathi kwangoku nangoku, utshilo uHerler. Ngamanye amaxesha kwakucaca gca, kodwa ngokufuthi yayiyinto ecekeceke, utshilo, esebenzisa inkcazo engacacanga yendawo 'kwicala elisemantla edolophu,' okanye 'entshona yeMaple Avenue, umzekelo, ukubonisa ukuba ipropathi ibekwe kwindawo bambalwa abambalwa okanye abafuduki.
Ewe kunjalo, lisekhona ucalucalulo ezindlwini namhlanje, kwanasemva kokuba umthetho weZindlu eziLungileyo wapasiswa ngo-1968 ukukhusela abaqeshisi, abathengi, kunye nabantu abafuna ukubolekiswa ngempatho engekho sikweni. Eminye imimiselo ibekiwe ukususela kwiintsuku zika ulayini obomvu -Iarhente ethengisa izindlu nomhlaba, umzekelo, ayivumelekanga ukusebenzisa ibinzana eligcwele ubuhlanga xa kuthengiswa ipropathi.
Gcina Ncamathisela Bona eminye imifanekiso Ityala: SEARS®
Umahluko: Izindlu ezizezakho zazipapashiwe zaza zathengiswa kwikhathalogu yeSears
Ukususela ngo-1908 ukuya ku-1940, i-juggernaut yokuthengisa kunye ne-Amazon prequel Sears Roebuck & Co. ithengisiwe Zakhele eyakho izindlu zeekiti kwikhathalogu yabo phantse yonke indawo. Ishishini labetha kwinqanaba lonyaka we-1920s, njengoko ukufuduka kwabantu kwenyuka kwaye ilizwe lahlala kwiminyaka elishumi yempumelelo emva kokuphela kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala.
Sasinokunqongophala kwezindlu, imfazwe yayisele iphelile, kwaye abantu bakholelwa ngokwenyani ukuba akusayi kubakho zimfazwe. Kwakuyixesha lethemba kunye noxolo, kwaye ngubani ongafuniyo indlu encinci entle enocingo lokuchola olujikeleze yona? ucacisa uRosemary Thornton, umbhali we Izindlu ezibonwayo ezakhiweyo: Yonke into owakha wafuna ukuyazi malunga neeKhaya zeKhathalogu yeeSears , xa ndandithetha naye malunga namakhaya aseSears ngo-2017.
Emva kokukhetha isitayile kwikhathalogu yamaKhaya aMhlanje (apho umntu anokukhangela khona izicwangciso zomgangatho, imizobo yangaphandle, kunye nezongezo zesiko ezinje ngemibhobho yamanzi) kunye noku-odola ngeposi, indlu yakho iza kufika ngololiwe: uluhlu lweenxalenye ezingama-30,000, kubandakanya malunga Iipawundi ezingama-750 zezikhonkwane, inqwaba yeefestile, amawaka eebhande, kunye nephepha elinamaphepha angama-75, incwadi yemiyalelo yesikhumba.
I-Sears ibonelela ngemigaqo yezemali ehlaziyayo: Ukuba ubunomhlaba kwaye unomsebenzi, unokufumana ilungelo lokufumana indlu mboleko, nokuba ungoluphi na uhlanga, ubuhlanga, okanye isini. Inqaku lokuzenzela lincedise amawaka wabathengi bamakhaya abanamabhongo ukuba benze ukulingana kwangoko kwaye babange isiqwenga sabo sento ethathelwa ingqalelo njengephupha laseMelika.
Umbono wobunini bamakhaya wawutshintsha ngokwenene kwingqondo eyaziwayo kwii-1920s, utshilo uHeller. U-1920 yayingunyaka wokuqala wokuba abantu abaninzi behlala ezilalini kunakwimimandla yasemaphandleni, iklasi ekumgangatho ophakathi yayikhula, kwaye abantu abaninzi babenendlela yokuthenga ikhaya.
I-Sears ayizange ivalwe i-kit yayo ishishini lasekhaya kude kube ngo-1940, kodwa i-1920 ngokuqinisekileyo yayiyi-heyday yayo. Abantu abangazi ngcono bathi uSears wayekile ukuthengisa amakhaya ekhithi ngenxa yoxinzelelo. Oko akuzange kuncede izinto, kodwa ngokwenene izindlu ziye zaba nzima njengoko umbane ukhula ngokuxhaphakileyo, utshilo uT Thornton. Ukuba wawunentambo ngo-1925, unokuba ne-bulb enye exhonywe kwintambo eboshiweyo. Ukuba ufuna ukufakela isixhobo esitsha esinjengentsimbi ye-waffle, ubuya kuskrola isibane sokukhanya kwaye ujije kwiadaptha ukufakela umenzi wakho we-waffle, uyongeza. Ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka, inkonzo yombane yayintsonkothe kakhulu, kwaye kwakusiya kuba nzima kubathandi bokwakha ikhaya lanamhlanje, elinentambo. Okanye njengoko u-Thornton ebeka, Izindlu zaba nzima kakhulu ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Gcina Ncamathisela Bona eminye imifanekiso Ityala: ENew York Times / kwiDomain kaRhulumente
Umahluko: ii-1920s izindlu zazihle zincinci
I-1920s yabona ngokuqinisekileyo ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezintle kunye neendawo zeGatsby-esque, kodwa umndilili wekhaya elitsha elakhiwe iminyaka elishumi lisusela zii-742 ukuya kwi-1,223 iinyawo ezikwere . Umndilili wekhaya elitsha owakhiwe kwikota yesithathu ye-2019, okwangoku, wawungaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini ubungakanani, e Iinyawo ezingama-2,464 .
Uhlobo olunye olwaludumile phantse kuyo yonke indawo kwii-1920s yayiyi-bungalow, utshilo u-Heller, owayesasazeke kwilizwe liphela emva kokuqala kwakhe kwindawo yaseLos Angeles ekuqaleni kwee-1900. Zincinci, zikhawuleza ukwakha, zifikeleleka lula, kwaye zinokugqitywa ngokulula ngezixhobo zangoku ezazifunwa ngabathengi, kwaye zinokwakhiwa ngokusondeleleneyo ngaphandle kokwenza ingxinano.
Umahluko: Libala i-avastado. Ukunciphisa iimpahla ezimbalwa zasehlotyeni kunokufumana isizukulwana esilahlekileyo ukuba sihlawule
Ukujonga kwiintengiso ezikwi-1920s amaphephandaba, andikwazi kunganceda kodwa ndiqaphele ukuba iimpahla kunye nefenitshala zibiza ngokumangalisayo. Umntu wayenokuthenga indlu ngaphandle kweBoston malunga ne- $ 6,500 malunga ne-1925 ngentlawulo ephantsi njenge- $ 500. Okwangoku, igumbi lokulala elinamaqhekeza amane lapapashwa nge- $ 235, kwaye iilokhwe zasehlotyeni zazithengiswa nge- $ 45 ukuya kwi-95 yeedola lilinye. (Iisuti zokuhlamba ezinithiweyo zoboya, kwelinye icala-ewe, ufundile ngokuchanekileyo-yayingama-4.50 eedola kuphela ngelo xesha lonyaka.)
Ukuhlawula i-6 500 yeedola ngendlu ese-Boston ngo-1925 kungalingana nokuhlawula i-96,551 yeedola namhlanje, ngokwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics sokubala kwamaxabiso . Oko kuthethathethane, inikezwe ukuba ixabiso eliphakathi lendlu yosapho olunye eMassachusetts yayiyi- $ 415,000 ngoDisemba. Kodwa ezo frocks zasehlotyeni ezingama-95 zaziza kuba neendleko ezilingana ne- $ 1,411 kwiidola zanamhlanje. (I-FYI, isuti yokuhlamba yoboya inokukuqhubela i $ 67 namhlanje.)
Ukufana: Ababuyisi mali babethengisa ngexabiso eliphantsi, elifikelelekayo laseMelika
Eyona nto indothusayo yindlela abathengi bendlu yethu abasandula ukufumana ngayo amava ethemba kunye nemincili esayenzayo xa sathenga ikhaya labo phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu kamva. Ngokuqinisekileyo babezama nje ukufumana indawo kobu bomi banamhlanje, indawo yokuzenzela ngexabiso abanokujongana nalo.
Ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na enye into, ukufikeleleka yayiyeyona nto 'yayigxininiswe kakhulu kwii-1920s zentengiso, utshilo uHeller. Uluvo lokuba ngumnini khaya lwalutshintshela ekubeni yinto umntu anokuthi ayizame okanye ayilwele, ngenxa yoko abakhi bamakhaya kunye nabathengisi bezindlu bagxininisa ukuba kwiintengiso zabo: Ikhaya elilula, lala maxesha ukubiza elakho, nazo zonke ezi zinto, kwaye kubiza kuphela amawaka ambalwa eerandi.
Yongeza ikhulu apho kwaye ayikude kakhulu.
kutheni ndihlala ndijonga ixesha ngo 9:11
Inqaku lomhleli: Eli bali lihlaziyiwe ukuze livume ngokucacileyo ukuqhubeka kocalucalulo lwezindlu ngalo mhla. Siyazisola ngokubekwa kweliso.
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